3A " Fat Man" type atomic bomb, nicknamed Helen of Bikini, placed in a watertight casing, was suspended 90 feet below LSM-60 in the lagoon of Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. LSM-60 was modified with a well through the cargo deck and hull, a derrick to lower the bomb through the well, and a large antenna to receive the detonation signal. The second shot of this test, BAKER, was designed to test the effects of an underwater nuclear blast on surface ships and submarines. In 1946, the United States conducted the first nuclear weapon tests designed to measure nuclear explosion effects on ships, Operation Crossroads. Operation Crossroads "ground" zero LSM-60 is destroyed as part of the Operation Crossroads BAKER test LSM-60 participated in the assault landings at Iwo Jima, where she earned one battle star. LSM-60's keel was laid on 7 July 1944 and she was launched on 29 July. It was notable for being used as the float to suspend a fission bomb underwater during the Operation Crossroads BAKER test, becoming the first naval vessel to deploy a nuclear weapon. USS LSM-60 was a World War II era landing ship, medium (LSM) amphibious assault ship of the United States Navy. STS splinter shield to gun mounts, pilot house and conning station Direct drive with 1,440 bhp (1,074 kW) each 720 rpm, twin screwsĥ medium or 3 heavy tanks, or 6 LVT's, or 9 DUKW'sġ0-lb. LSM-60 with modifications for the Baker Test, Bikini Atollĭestroyed during " Operation Crossroads" Test Baker, 25 July 1946Ģ × Fairbanks-Morse (model 38D81/8X10, reversible with hydraulic clutch) diesels.
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